如何在 Django 查询集过滤中执行不等于?

2022-01-31 00:00:00 python django django-models django-queryset

问题描述

在 Django 模型 QuerySets 中，我看到有一个 __gt 和 __lt 用于比较值，但是有一个 __ne 或 >!=(不等于)?我想使用不等于过滤掉.例如，对于

In Django model QuerySets, I see that there is a __gt and __lt for comparative values, but is there a __ne or != (not equals)? I want to filter out using a not equals. For example, for

Model:
    bool a;
    int x;

我想做

results = Model.objects.exclude(a=True, x!=5)

!= 语法不正确.我也试过 __ne.

The != is not correct syntax. I also tried __ne.

我最终使用了:

results = Model.objects.exclude(a=True, x__lt=5).exclude(a=True, x__gt=5)

解决方案

你可以使用Q 个对象 用于此.它们可以用 ~ 运算符取反，并像普通的 Python 表达式一样组合:

You can use Q objects for this. They can be negated with the ~ operator and combined much like normal Python expressions:

from myapp.models import Entry
from django.db.models import Q

Entry.objects.filter(~Q(id=3))

将返回所有条目，除了 ID 为 3 的条目:

will return all entries except the one(s) with 3 as their ID:

[<Entry: Entry object>, <Entry: Entry object>, <Entry: Entry object>, ...]

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