我可以将多个 MySQL 行连接到一个字段中吗?

2021-11-20 00:00:00 sql concat mysql group-concat

使用 MySQL，我可以执行以下操作:

Using MySQL, I can do something like:

SELECT hobbies FROM peoples_hobbies WHERE person_id = 5;

我的输出:

shopping
fishing
coding

但我只想要 1 行，1 列:

but instead I just want 1 row, 1 col:

预期输出:

shopping, fishing, coding

原因是我从多个表中选择多个值，在所有连接之后，我得到的行比我想要的多得多.

The reason is that I'm selecting multiple values from multiple tables, and after all the joins I've got a lot more rows than I'd like.

我在 上寻找了一个函数MySQL Doc 它看起来不像 CONCAT 或 CONCAT_WS 函数接受结果集.

I've looked for a function on MySQL Doc and it doesn't look like the CONCAT or CONCAT_WS functions accept result sets.

这里有人知道怎么做吗?

So does anyone here know how to do this?

推荐答案

您可以使用 GROUP_CONCAT:

You can use GROUP_CONCAT:

SELECT person_id,
   GROUP_CONCAT(hobbies SEPARATOR ', ')
FROM peoples_hobbies
GROUP BY person_id;

正如 Ludwig 在他的评论中所述， 您可以添加 DISTINCT 运算符以避免重复:

As Ludwig stated in his comment, you can add the DISTINCT operator to avoid duplicates:

SELECT person_id,
   GROUP_CONCAT(DISTINCT hobbies SEPARATOR ', ')
FROM peoples_hobbies
GROUP BY person_id;

正如 Jan 在他们的评论中所述， 您还可以在使用 ORDER BY 内爆之前对值进行排序:

As Jan stated in their comment, you can also sort the values before imploding it using ORDER BY:

SELECT person_id, 
       GROUP_CONCAT(hobbies ORDER BY hobbies ASC SEPARATOR ', ')
FROM peoples_hobbies
GROUP BY person_id;

正如 Dag 在他的评论中所述， 结果有 1024 字节的限制.要解决此问题，请在查询之前运行此查询:

As Dag stated in his comment, there is a 1024 byte limit on the result. To solve this, run this query before your query:

SET group_concat_max_len = 2048;

当然，您可以根据需要更改2048.计算和赋值:

Of course, you can change 2048 according to your needs. To calculate and assign the value:

SET group_concat_max_len = CAST(
                     (SELECT SUM(LENGTH(hobbies)) + COUNT(*) * LENGTH(', ')
                           FROM peoples_hobbies
                           GROUP BY person_id) AS UNSIGNED);

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