mongodb 4.0副本集搭建

2020-08-07 00:00:00 创建 修改 节点 配置文件 副本

近期有同学问mongodb副本集难不难部署，我的回答是不难，很快，几分钟搞定，比mysql MHA简单的不止一点半点。那么到底如何部署呢？请看下文。

1.  准备工作

1.1 下载软件

选择版本并下载mongodb的软件，注意操作系统版本等。本次我选用的是percona分支的mongodb 4.2.8版本搭建，操作系统为centos6

cd /usr/local/wget  https://www.percona.com/downloads/percona-server-mongodb-LATEST/percona-server-mongodb-4.2.8-8/binary/tarball/percona-server-mongodb-4.2.8-8-centos6-x86_64.tar.gztar -zxvf  percona-server-mongodb-4.2.8-8-centos6-x86_64.tar.gzln -s percona-server-mongodb-4.2.8-8 mongodb

1.2  规划各节点角色

各节点角色如下

IP　 port　 role
192.168.128.208 27017 PRIMARY
192.168.128.209 27017 SECONDARY
192.168.128.209 28017 ARBITER

2  部署

2.1  创建各节点相关目录

创建数据目录、日志目录等相关目录

[root@m1 ~]# mkdir -p /data/mongodb/27017/{data,logs,tmp,etc,keyfile}[root@m1 ~]# cd /data/mongodb/27017/[root@m1 27017]# ll总用量 20drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 8月   7 16:59 datadrwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 8月   7 16:59 etcdrwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 8月   7 16:59 keyfiledrwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 8月   7 16:59 logsdrwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 8月   7 16:59 tmp

2.2  配置文件

创建配置文件，并添加对应的配置信息，注意本次仲裁节点的端口

[root@m1 27017]# cd  /data/mongodb/27017/etc/[root@m1 etc]# vim mongod.conf添加如下内容
storage:  dbPath: /data/mongodb/27017/data  journal:    enabled: truesystemLog:  destination: file  logAppend: true  path: /data/mongodb/27017/logs/mongod.logprocessManagement:  fork: true  pidFilePath: /data/mongodb/27017/tmp/mongod.pidnet:  port: 27017  bindIp: 0.0.0.0replication:  replSetName: "test1"                 # 副本集名称

2.3   启动各节点

以其中一个节点为例，其他节点修改对应配置文件即可

[root@m1 local]#  /usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongod   -f /data/mongodb/27017/etc/mongod.confabout to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections.forked process: 30019child process started successfully, parent exiting

2.4  初始化副本集

初始化副本集，指定各节点id及角色，注意副本集的名称和配置文件里一致。

在任意节点执行如下语句

> use adminswitched to db admin> rs.initiate( {... _id: "test1",... members: [... { _id: 0, host: "192.168.128.208:27017" },... { _id: 1, host: "192.168.128.209:27017" },... { _id: 2, host: "192.168.128.209:28017",arbiterOnly:true }... ] }){    "ok" : 1,    "$clusterTime" : {        "clusterTime" : Timestamp(1596792682, 1),        "signature" : {            "hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),            "keyId" : NumberLong(0)        }    },    "operationTime" : Timestamp(1596792682, 1)}

完成后可以查看各集群状态,如下，可见当前192.168.128.208:27017 为PRIMARY节点

test1:PRIMARY> rs.status(){    "set" : "test1",    "date" : ISODate("2020-08-07T11:09:24.454Z"),    "myState" : 1,    "term" : NumberLong(1),    "syncingTo" : "",    "syncSourceHost" : "",    "syncSourceId" : -1,    "heartbeatIntervalMillis" : NumberLong(2000),    "majorityVoteCount" : 2,    "writeMajorityCount" : 2,    "optimes" : {        "lastCommittedOpTime" : {            "ts" : Timestamp(1596798563, 1),            "t" : NumberLong(1)        },        "lastCommittedWallTime" : ISODate("2020-08-07T11:09:23.663Z"),        "readConcernMajorityOpTime" : {            "ts" : Timestamp(1596798563, 1),            "t" : NumberLong(1)        },        "readConcernMajorityWallTime" : ISODate("2020-08-07T11:09:23.663Z"),        "appliedOpTime" : {            "ts" : Timestamp(1596798563, 1),            "t" : NumberLong(1)        },        "durableOpTime" : {            "ts" : Timestamp(1596798563, 1),            "t" : NumberLong(1)        },        "lastAppliedWallTime" : ISODate("2020-08-07T11:09:23.663Z"),        "lastDurableWallTime" : ISODate("2020-08-07T11:09:23.663Z")    },    "lastStableRecoveryTimestamp" : Timestamp(1596798513, 1),    "lastStableCheckpointTimestamp" : Timestamp(1596798513, 1),    "electionCandidateMetrics" : {        "lastElectionReason" : "electionTimeout",        "lastElectionDate" : ISODate("2020-08-07T09:31:33.409Z"),        "electionTerm" : NumberLong(1),        "lastCommittedOpTimeAtElection" : {            "ts" : Timestamp(0, 0),            "t" : NumberLong(-1)        },        "lastSeenOpTimeAtElection" : {            "ts" : Timestamp(1596792682, 1),            "t" : NumberLong(-1)        },        "numVotesNeeded" : 2,        "priorityAtElection" : 1,        "electionTimeoutMillis" : NumberLong(10000),        "numCatchUpOps" : NumberLong(0),        "newTermStartDate" : ISODate("2020-08-07T09:31:33.444Z"),        "wMajorityWriteAvailabilityDate" : ISODate("2020-08-07T09:31:34.050Z")    },    "members" : [        {            "_id" : 0,            "name" : "192.168.128.208:27017",            "health" : 1,            "state" : 1,            "stateStr" : "PRIMARY",            "uptime" : 5950,            "optime" : {                "ts" : Timestamp(1596798563, 1),                "t" : NumberLong(1)            },            "optimeDate" : ISODate("2020-08-07T11:09:23Z"),            "syncingTo" : "",            "syncSourceHost" : "",            "syncSourceId" : -1,            "infoMessage" : "",            "electionTime" : Timestamp(1596792693, 1),            "electionDate" : ISODate("2020-08-07T09:31:33Z"),            "configVersion" : 1,            "self" : true,            "lastHeartbeatMessage" : ""        },        {            "_id" : 1,            "name" : "192.168.128.209:27017",            "health" : 1,            "state" : 2,            "stateStr" : "SECONDARY",            "uptime" : 5882,            "optime" : {                "ts" : Timestamp(1596798563, 1),                "t" : NumberLong(1)            },            "optimeDurable" : {                "ts" : Timestamp(1596798563, 1),                "t" : NumberLong(1)            },            "optimeDate" : ISODate("2020-08-07T11:09:23Z"),            "optimeDurableDate" : ISODate("2020-08-07T11:09:23Z"),            "lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2020-08-07T11:09:23.672Z"),            "lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2020-08-07T11:09:22.804Z"),            "pingMs" : NumberLong(0),            "lastHeartbeatMessage" : "",            "syncingTo" : "192.168.128.208:27017",            "syncSourceHost" : "192.168.128.208:27017",            "syncSourceId" : 0,            "infoMessage" : "",            "configVersion" : 1        },        {            "_id" : 2,            "name" : "192.168.128.209:28017",            "health" : 1,            "state" : 7,            "stateStr" : "ARBITER",            "uptime" : 5882,            "lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2020-08-07T11:09:23.672Z"),            "lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2020-08-07T11:09:22.952Z"),            "pingMs" : NumberLong(0),            "lastHeartbeatMessage" : "",            "syncingTo" : "",            "syncSourceHost" : "",            "syncSourceId" : -1,            "infoMessage" : "",            "configVersion" : 1        }    ],    "ok" : 1,    "$clusterTime" : {        "clusterTime" : Timestamp(1596798563, 1),        "signature" : {            "hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),            "keyId" : NumberLong(0)        }    },    "operationTime" : Timestamp(1596798563, 1)}test1:PRIMARY>

3  修改为认证模式

为考虑安全性等，需要开启认证模式（需要通过用户名/密码方式登录）

3.1 创建用户

创建超级管理员账号

test1:PRIMARY> db.createUser({user: "root", pwd: "Root#123", roles: [{role: "root", db: "admin"}]})Successfully added user: {    "user" : "root",    "roles" : [        {            "role" : "root",            "db" : "admin"        }    ]}

3.2  创建key文件

在主库上执行脚本生成key文件，然后将结拷贝到另外2个节点

[root@m1 mongodb]# cd /data/mongodb/27017/keyfile/[root@m1 keyfile]# openssl rand -base64 756 > mongo.key[root@m1 keyfile]# chmod 600 mongo.key   # 必须修改为600权限，否则无法启动

以上完成后，将文件复制到另外2个节点

3.3  修改配置文件

配置文件中 添加如下内容，注意不同节点的文件路径
security:  authorization: enabled  clusterAuthMode: keyFile  keyFile: /data/mongodb/27017/keyfile/mongo.key

3.4  重启后并用认证模式登陆

# 关闭mongodb[root@m1 keyfile]#  /usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongod   -f /data/mongodb/27017/etc/mongod.conf  -shutdownkilling process with pid: 30675# 启动mongodb[root@m1 keyfile]#  /usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongod   -f /data/mongodb/27017/etc/mongod.conf about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections.forked process: 2430
child process started successfully, parent exiting
#  认证模式登陆[root@m1 keyfile]#[root@m1 keyfile]# /usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongo   -u root  -p 'Root#123'  --authenticationDatabase admin

至此，mongodb 副本集搭建完毕，你会了吗？

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